Search

Start Over Year Published 2021

1. Data for "A New Open-path Eddy Covariance Method for N2O and Other Trace Gases that Minimizes Temperature Corrections"

Author(s):
Pan, Da; Gelfand, Ilya; Tao, Lei; Abraha, Michael; Sun, Kang; Guo, Xuehui; Chen, Jiquan; Robertson, G. Philip; Zondlo, Mark A.
Abstract:
This dataset contains spectroscopic simulations, experimental results for the 2202 cm-1 N2O absorption line, and N2O flux measurements shown in "A New Open-path Eddy Covariance Method for N2O and Other Trace Gases that Minimizes Temperature Corrections" by Da Pan, Ilya Gelfand, Lei Tao, Michael Abraha, Kang Sun, Xuehui Guo, Jiquan Chen, G. Philip Robertson, and Mark A. Zondlo. The HITRAN Application Programming Interface (HAPI) with HITRAN 2016 was used for spectroscopic simulations. Experiments were conducted to quantify H2O-broadened half-width at half maximum and validate spectroscopic simulations. N2O flux was measured with both eddy covariance and static chamber methods.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
26 October 2021

2. Shakespeare and Company Project Dataset: Lending Library Books

Author(s):
Kotin, Joshua; Koeser, Rebecca Sutton; Adair, Carl; Alagappan, Serena; Allen, Paige; Bauer, Jean; Browne, Oliver J.; Budak, Nick; Calver, Harriet; Chow, Jin Yun; Davis, Ian; Doroudian, Gissoo; Engel, Currie; Gautreau, Violet; Gjaja, Alex; Green, Elspeth; Hart, Isaac; Hicks, Benjamin; Joelson, Madeleine E.; Kelly, Carolyn; Krolewski, Sara; Li, Xinyi; Maag, Ellie; Macksey, Elizabeth; Mahoney, Cate; Mancino, Francesca; McCarthy, Jesse D.; Naydan, Mary; Root, Sally; Ruehl, Isabel; Thode, Sylvie; Vandermel, Katherine; VanSant, Camey; Wulfman, Clifford E.
Abstract:
This dataset includes information about approximately 6,000 books and other items with bibliographic data as well as summary information about when the item circulated in the Shakespeare and Company lending library and the number of times an item was borrowed or purchased.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
29 January 2021

3. Shakespeare and Company Project Dataset: Lending Library Events

Author(s):
Kotin, Joshua; Koeser, Rebecca Sutton; Adair, Carl; Alagappan, Serena; Allen, Paige; Bauer, Jean; Browne, Oliver J.; Budak, Nick; Calver, Harriet; Chow, Jin Yun; Davis, Ian; Doroudian, Gissoo; Engel, Currie; Gautreau, Violet; Gjaja, Alex; Green, Elspeth; Hart, Isaac; Hicks, Benjamin; Joelson, Madeleine E.; Kelly, Carolyn; Krolewski, Sara; Li, Xinyi; Maag, Ellie; Macksey, Elizabeth; Mahoney, Cate; Mancino, Francesca; McCarthy, Jesse D.; Naydan, Mary; Root, Sally; Ruehl, Isabel; Thode, Sylvie; Vandermel, Katherine; VanSant, Camey; Wulfman, Clifford E.
Abstract:
The Shakespeare and Company Project: Lending Library Events dataset includes information about approximately 35,000 lending library events including membership activities such as subscriptions, renewals and reimbursements and book-related activities such as borrowing and purchasing. For events related to lending library cards that are available as digital surrogates, IIIF links are provided.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
29 January 2021

4. Shakespeare and Company Project Dataset: Lending Library Members

Author(s):
Kotin, Joshua; Koeser, Rebecca Sutton; Adair, Carl; Alagappan, Serena; Allen, Paige; Bauer, Jean; Browne, Oliver J.; Budak, Nick; Calver, Harriet; Chow, Jin Yun; Davis, Ian; Doroudian, Gissoo; Engel, Currie; Gautreau, Violet; Gjaja, Alex; Green, Elspeth; Hart, Isaac; Hicks, Benjamin; Joelson, Madeleine E.; Kelly, Carolyn; Krolewski, Sara; Li, Xinyi; Maag, Ellie; Macksey, Elizabeth; Mahoney, Cate; Mancino, Francesca; McCarthy, Jesse D.; Naydan, Mary; Root, Sally; Ruehl, Isabel; Thode, Sylvie; Vandermel, Katherine; VanSant, Camey; Wulfman, Clifford E.
Abstract:
The Shakespeare and Company Project: Lending Library Members dataset includes information about approximately 5,600 members of Sylvia Beach's Shakespeare and Company lending library.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
29 January 2021

5. Shakespeare and Company Project Dataset: Lending Library Members, Books, Events

Author(s):
Kotin, Joshua; Koeser, Rebecca Sutton; Adair, Carl; Alagappan, Serena; Allen, Paige; Bauer, Jean; Browne, Oliver J.; Budak, Nick; Calver, Harriet; Chow, Jin Yun; Davis, Ian; Doroudian, Gissoo; Engel, Currie; Gautreau, Violet; Gjaja, Alex; Green, Elspeth; Hart, Isaac; Hicks, Benjamin; Joelson, Madeleine E.; Kelly, Carolyn; Krolewski, Sara; Li, Xinyi; Maag, Ellie; Macksey, Elizabeth; Mahoney, Cate; Mancino, Francesca; McCarthy, Jesse D.; Naydan, Mary; Root, Sally; Ruehl, Isabel; Thode, Sylvie; Vandermel, Katherine; VanSant, Camey; Wulfman, Clifford E.
Abstract:
The Shakespeare and Company Project makes three datasets available to download in CSV and JSON formats. The datasets provide information about lending library members; the books that circulated in the lending library; and lending library events, including borrows, purchases, memberships, and renewals. The datasets may be used individually or in combination site URLs are consistent identifiers across all three. The DOIs for each dataset are as follows: Members (https://doi.org/10.34770/nsa4-3t76); Books (https://doi.org/10.34770/079z-h206); Events (https://doi.org/10.34770/rtbp-kv40).
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
29 January 2021

6. Implementation of higher-order velocity mapping between marker particles and grid in the particle-in-cell code XGC

Author(s):
Mollen Albert; Adams Mark F.; Knepley Matthew G.; Hager Robert; Chang C. S.
Abstract:
The global total-f gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code XGC, used to study transport in magnetic fusion plasmas or to couple with a core gyrokinetic code while functioning as an edge gyrokinetic code, implements a 5-dimensional (5D) continuum grid to perform the dissipative operations, such as plasma collisions, or to exchange the particle distribution function information with a core code. To transfer the distribution function between marker particles and a rectangular 2D velocity-space grid, XGC employs a bilinear mapping. The conservation of particle density and momentum is accurate enough in this bilinear operation, but the error in the particle energy conservation can become undesirably large and cause non-negligible numerical heating in a steep edge pedestal. In the present work we update XGC to use a novel mapping technique, based on the calculation of a pseudo-inverse, to exactly preserve moments up to the order of the discretization space. We describe the details of the implementation and we demonstrate the reduced interpolation error for a tokamak test plasma by using 1st- and 2nd-order elements with the pseudo-inverse method and comparing to the bilinear mapping.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
March 2021

8. Data corresponding to our paper on "Chemotactic smoothing of collective migration"

Author(s):
Bhattacharjee, Tapomoy; Amchin, Daniel; Alert, Ricard; Ott, Jenna; Datta, Sujit
Abstract:
Collective migration -- the directed, coordinated motion of many self-propelled agents -- is a fascinating emergent behavior exhibited by active matter that has key functional implications for biological systems. Extensive studies have elucidated the different ways in which this phenomenon may arise. Nevertheless, how collective migration can persist when a population is confronted with perturbations, which inevitably arise in complex settings, is poorly understood. Here, by combining experiments and simulations, we describe a mechanism by which collectively migrating populations smooth out large-scale perturbations in their overall morphology, enabling their constituents to continue to migrate together. We focus on the canonical example of chemotactic migration of Escherichia coli, in which fronts of cells move via directed motion, or chemotaxis, in response to a self-generated nutrient gradient. We identify two distinct modes in which chemotaxis influences the morphology of the population: cells in different locations along a front migrate at different velocities due to spatial variations in (i) the local nutrient gradient and in (ii) the ability of cells to sense and respond to the local nutrient gradient. While the first mode is destabilizing, the second mode is stabilizing and dominates, ultimately driving smoothing of the overall population and enabling continued collective migration. This process is autonomous, arising without any external intervention; instead, it is a population-scale consequence of the manner in which individual cells transduce external signals. Our findings thus provide insights to predict, and potentially control, the collective migration and morphology of cell populations and diverse other forms of active matter.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
24 June 2021

10. Derrida's Margins datasets

Author(s):
Chenoweth, Katie; Koeser, Rebecca Sutton; Altergott, Renée; Baron-Raiffe, Alexander; Bauer, Jean; Budak, Nick; Córdova, Chad; Hancock, Austin; Hicks, Benjamin; McElwee, Kevin; Vettier, Chloé
Abstract:
Derrida’s Margins <derridas-margins.princeton.edu> is a website and online research tool for annotations from the Library of Jacques Derrida, housed at Princeton University Library (PUL) <library.princeton.edu>. Jacques Derrida is one of the major figures of twentieth-century thought, and his library--which bears the traces of decades of close reading--represents a major intellectual archive. This project focused on annotations related to Derrida’s landmark 1967 work De la grammatologie (Of Grammatology).
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
29 October 2021

11. Microtearing Instabilities and Electron Thermal Transport in Low and High Collisionality NSTX Discharges

Author(s):
Rafiq T; Kaye S; Guttenfelder W; Weiland J; Schuster E; Anderson J; Luo L;
Abstract:
Microtearing mode (MTM) real frequency, growth rate, magnetic fluctuation amplitude and resulting electron thermal transport are studied in systematic NSTX scans of relevant plasma parameters. The dependency of the MTM real frequency and growth rate on plasma parameters, suitable for low and high collision NSTX discharges, is obtained by using the reduced MTM transport model [T. Rafiq, et al., Phys. Plasmas 23, 062507 (2016)]. The plasma parameter dependencies are compared and found to be consistent with the results obtained from MTM using the Gyrokinetic GYRO code. The scaling trend of collision frequency and plasma beta is found to be consistent with the global energy confinement trend observed in the NSTX experiment. The strength of the magnetic fluctuation is found to be consistent with the gyrokinetic estimate.In earlier studies, it was found that the version of the Multi-Mode (MM) anomalous transport model, which did not contain the effect of MTMs, provided an appropriate description of the electron temperature profiles in standard tokamak discharges and not in spherical tokamaks. When the MM model, which involves transport associated with MTMs, is incorporated in the TRANSP code and is used in the study of electron thermal transport in NSTX discharges, it is observed that the agreement with the experimental electron temperature profile is substantially improved.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
February 2021

13. The updated ITPA global H-mode confinement database: description and analysis

Author(s):
Verdoolaege, G.; Kaye, S.M.; Angioni, C.; Kardaunn, O.W.J.F.; Maslov, M.; Romanelli, M.; Ryter, F.; Thomsen, K.
Abstract:
The multi-machine ITPA Global H-mode Confinement Database has been upgraded with new data from JET with the ITER-like wall and ASDEX Upgrade with the full tungsten wall. This paper describes the new database and presents results of regression analysis to estimate the global energy confinement scaling in H-mode plasmas using a standard power law. Various subsets of the database are considered, focusing on type of wall and divertor materials, confinement regime (all H-modes, ELMy H or ELM-free) and ITER-like constraints. Apart from ordinary least squares, two other, robust regression techniques are applied, which take into account uncertainty on all variables. Regression on data from individual devices shows that, generally, the confinement dependence on density and the power degradation are weakest in the fully metallic devices. Using the multi-machine scalings, predictions are made of the confinement time in a standard ELMy H-mode scenario in ITER. The uncertainty on the scaling parameters is discussed with a view to practically useful error bars on the parameters and predictions. One of the derived scalings for ELMy H-modes on an ITER-like subset is studied in particular and compared to the IPB98(y,2) confinement scaling in engineering and dimensionless form. Transformation of this new scaling from engineering variables to dimensionless quantities is shown to result in large error bars on the dimensionless scaling. Regression analysis in the space of dimensionless variables is therefore proposed as an alternative, yielding acceptable estimates for the dimensionless scaling. The new scaling, which is dimensionally correct within the uncertainties, suggests that some dependencies of confinement in the multi- machine database can be reconciled with parameter scans in individual devices. This includes vanishingly small dependence of confinement on line-averaged density and normalized plasma pressure (β), as well as a noticeable, positive dependence on effective atomic mass and plasma triangularity. Extrapolation of this scaling to ITER yields a somewhat lower confinement time compared to the IPB98(y, 2) prediction, possibly related to the considerably weaker dependence on major radius in the new scaling (slightly above linear). Further studies are needed to compare more flexible regression models with the power law used here. In addition, data from more devices concerning possible ‘hidden variables’ could help to determine their influence on confinement, while adding data in sparsely populated areas of the parameter space may contribute to further disentangling some of the global confinement dependencies in tokamak plasmas.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
March 2021

14. Derrida's Margins datasets

Author(s):
Chenoweth, Katie; Baron-Raiffe, Alexander; Sutton Koeser, Rebecca
Abstract:
Derrida’s Margins <derridas-margins.princeton.edu> is a website and online research tool for annotations from the Library of Jacques Derrida, housed at Princeton University Library (PUL) <library.princeton.edu>. Jacques Derrida is one of the major figures of twentieth-century thought, and his library--which bears the traces of decades of close reading--represents a major intellectual archive. This project focused on annotations related to Derrida’s landmark 1967 work De la grammatologie (Of Grammatology).
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
15 October 2021

15. CrvA and CrvB form a curvature-inducing module sufficient to induce cell shape complexity in Gram-negative bacteria

Author(s):
Martin, Nicholas R; Blackman, Edith; Bratton, Benjamin P; Chase, Katelyn J; Bartlett, Thomas M; Gitai, Zemer
Abstract:
Bacterial species have diverse cell shapes that enable motility, colonization, and virulence. The cell wall defines bacterial shape and is primarily built by two cytoskeleton-guided synthesis machines, the elongasome and the divisome. However, the mechanisms producing complex shapes, like the curved-rod shape of Vibrio cholerae, are incompletely defined. Previous studies have reported that species-specific regulation of cytoskeleton-guided machines enables formation of complex bacterial shapes such as cell curvature and cellular appendages. In contrast, we report that CrvA and CrvB are sufficient to induce complex cell shape autonomously of the cytoskeleton in V. cholerae. The autonomy of the CrvAB module also enables it to induce curvature in the Gram-negative species Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Caulobacter crescentus, and Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Using inducible gene expression, quantitative microscopy, and biochemistry we show that CrvA and CrvB circumvent the need for patterning via cytoskeletal elements by regulating each other to form an asymmetrically-localized, periplasmic structure that directly binds to the cell wall. The assembly and disassembly of this periplasmic structure enables dynamic changes in cell shape. Bioinformatics indicate that CrvA and CrvB may have diverged from a single ancestral hybrid protein. Using fusion experiments in V. cholerae, we find that a synthetic CrvA/B hybrid protein is sufficient to induce curvature on its own, but that expression of two distinct proteins, CrvA and CrvB, promotes more rapid curvature induction. We conclude that morphological complexity can arise independently of cell shape specification by the core cytoskeleton-guided synthesis machines.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
2021

16. Impact of edge harmonic oscillations on the divertor heat flux in NSTX

Author(s):
Gan, Kaifu; Gray, Travis; Zweben, Stewart; Eric, Fredrickson; Maingi, Rajesh; Battaglia, Devon; McLean, Adam; Wirth, Brian
Abstract:
All the data was uploaded with .cvs file, we have not uploaded the figure 1 data since it is just photo show field of view of IR and GPI diagnostic.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
6 December 2021

17. Inversion technique to obtain local ion temperature profiles for an axisymmetric plasma with toroidal and radial velocities

Author(s):
Bell, Ronald E.
Abstract:
A matrix inversion technique is derived to calculate local ion temperature from line-integrated measurements of an extended emission source in an axisymmetric plasma which exactly corrects for both toroidal velocity and radial velocity components. Local emissivity and toroidal velocity can be directly recovered from line-integrated spectroscopic measurements, but an independent measurement of the radial velocity is necessary to complete the temperature inversion. The extension of this technique to handle the radial velocity is relevant for magnetic reconnection and merging compression devices where temperature inversion from spectroscopic measurements is desired. A simulation demonstrates the effects of radial velocity on the determination of ion temperature.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
February 2021

18. Hybrid simulations of sub-cyclotron compressional and global Alfven Eigenmode stability in spherical tokamaks

Author(s):
Lestz, J.B.; Belova, E.V.; Gorelenkov, N.N
Abstract:
A comprehensive numerical study has been conducted in order to investigate the stability of beam-driven, sub-cyclotron frequency compressional (CAE) and global (GAE) Alfven Eigenmodes in low aspect ratio plasmas for a wide range of beam parameters. The presence of CAEs and GAEs has previously been linked to anomalous electron temperature profile flattening at high beam power in NSTX experiments, prompting further examination of the conditions for their excitation. Linear simulations are performed with the hybrid MHD-kinetic initial value code HYM in order to capture the general Doppler-shifted cyclotron resonance that drives the modes. Three distinct types of modes are found in simulations -- co-CAEs, cntr-GAEs, and co-GAEs -- with differing spectral and stability properties. The simulations reveal that unstable GAEs are more ubiquitous than unstable CAEs, consistent with experimental observations, as they are excited at lower beam energies and generally have larger growth rates. Local analytic theory is used to explain key features of the simulation results, including the preferential excitation of different modes based on beam injection geometry and the growth rate dependence on the beam injection velocity, critical velocity, and degree of velocity space anisotropy. The background damping rate is inferred from simulations and estimated analytically for relevant sources not present in the simulation model, indicating that co-CAEs are closer to marginal stability than modes driven by the cyclotron resonances.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
March 2021

19. Data for "Ammonia Dry Deposition in an Alpine Ecosystem Traced to Agricultural Emission Hotpots"

Author(s):
Pan, Da; Benedict, Katherine; Golston, Levi; Wang, Rui; Collett, Jeffrey Jr; Tao, Lei; Sun, Kang; Guo, Xuehui; Ham, Jay; Prenni, Anthony; Schichtel, Bret; Mikoviny, Tomas; Müller, Markus; Wisthaler, Armin; Zondlo, Mark
Abstract:
Elevated reactive nitrogen (Nr) deposition is a concern for alpine ecosystems, and dry NH3 deposition is a key contributor. Understanding how emission hotspots impact downwind ecosystems through dry NH3 deposition provides opportunities for effective mitigation. However, direct NH3 flux measurements with sufficient temporal resolution to quantify such events are rare. Here, we measured NH3 fluxes at Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP) during two summers and analyzed transport events from upwind agricultural and urban sources in northeastern Colorado. We deployed open-path NH3 sensors on a mobile laboratory and an eddy covariance tower to measure NH3 concentrations and fluxes. Our spatial sampling illustrated an upslope event that transported NH3 emissions from the hotspot to RMNP. Observed NH3 deposition was significantly higher when backtrajectories passed through only the agricultural region (7.9 ng m-2 s-1) versus only the urban area (1.0 ng m-2 s-1) and both urban and agricultural areas (2.7 ng m-2 s-1). Cumulative NH3 fluxes were calculated using observed, bidirectional modeled, and gap-filled fluxes. More than 40% of the total dry NH3 deposition occurred when air masses were traced back to agricultural source regions. More generally, we identified that 10 (25) more national parks in the U.S. are within 100 (200) km of an NH3 hotspot, and more observations are needed to quantify the impacts of these hotspots on dry NH3 depositions in these regions.
Type:
Dataset
Issue Date:
2021